Research on World Agricultural Economy

The Impact of Climate Change on Economic Losses and the Performance of Global Dairy Production for Food Supply

Saeed Mohammed Algarni

Department of Geography, College of Arts, King Faisal University, Al‑Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v7i1.2558

Received: 31 July 2025 | Revised: 10 September 2025 | Accepted: 23 September 2025 | Published Online: 12 March 2026

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Abstract

Climate change represents a major challenge to global agricultural systems, with the dairy sector being particularly vulnerable to environmental fluctuations, which may negatively affect both the quantity and quality of milk. This study aims to analyze the impact of climate change on the efficiency and economic losses of dairy production systems and explore appropriate adaptation strategies to ensure the sector’s contribution to meeting global food demand. This study utilizes a qualitative descriptive research technique, focusing on assessing the effects of climate change on the efficiency and economic losses of dairy production to secure the global food supply. The results revealed a clear relationship between climate stressors, economic losses, decreased productivity, and efficiency in the dairy sector, especially in regions with limited adaptive capacity. However, the adoption of climate-smart practices such as using heat-resistant breeds, improving feed management, and applying sustainable agricultural techniques resulted in positive effects on both environmental and economic sustainability. To safeguard global food security, there is an urgent need to adopt integrated adaptation strategies, including investment in research and technology, policy support for sustainable practices, and capacity building for farmers. Furthermore, international cooperation will be essential to enhance the resilience of dairy production systems in the face of climate change.

Keywords: Climate Change; Dairy Production; Economic Losses; Food Security; Milk Production

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