Land Management and Utilization

A Comprehensive Investigation into the Physical and Chemical Aspects of Groundwater in Paderu Mandal, An Enclave of Tribal Life in Andhra Pradesh, India

Ramprasad Naik Desavathu

Murali Krishna Gurram

Appala Raju Nadipena

Nooka Ratnam Kinthada

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Abstract

This study rigorously investigates the physical and chemical attributes of groundwater within Paderu Mandal, a distinct tribal region in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. The comprehensive GIS analysis covers 83 water samples sourced from varied outlets like open wells and bore wells, scrutinizing parameters spanning pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), Turbidity, Chloride (Cl2-), Sulphate (SO42-), Fluoride (F), Nitrate (NO3-), and Iron (Fe). Employing standardized methodologies, this study meticulously evaluates these samples against the well-established global and national water quality benchmarks delineated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), crucial for assessing water safety and suitability. These benchmarks serve as reference points, providing a framework for comparison and indicating potential health risks associated with deviations from accepted standards, especially pertinent to the specific conditions prevailing in Paderu Mandal. The spatial distribution mapping reveals noteworthy trends, such as localized concentration hotspots or areas exhibiting consistent adherence to water quality standards, providing a nuanced perspective on the geographic variations and potential sources of contamination within Paderu Mandal. The analysis extends to correlation matrices, Hill-Piper diagrams, and assessments of irrigation suitability, enhancing the understanding of the intricate relationships among groundwater constituents. The revelations shed light on the intricate tapestry of groundwater quality in Paderu Mandal, offering invaluable insights for sustainable resource management and community welfare.

Keywords: Spatial distribution; Groundwater quality; Physiochemical parameters; Geospatial techniques

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